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Acromicric dysplasia(AD) is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by severe short stature, short hands and feet, normal intelligence, mild facial dysmorphism, and radiological characteristics. The clinical data and genetic test results of one patient with AD in our hospital were analyzed, and the clinical characteristics of this case were summarized. The main manifestations of the child were short stature, short hands and feet, mild facial dysmorphism, short and stubby metacarpals and phalanges on hand X-ray. One mutation, FBN1: c.5141T>G(p.Met1714Arg), was identified in this child, the mutation is inherited from her short mother and grandfather. AD is a rare congenital skeletal dysplasia disorder associated with mutations in the FBN1 gene. It conforms to the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant genetic disease.
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Sexual function is a basic component of adult life quality. Studies have shown that both men and women can experience sexual dysfunction after stroke. The prevalence of post-stroke sexual dysfunction is likely to be higher than expected. This article reviews the epidemiology, influencing factors, evaluation and intervention of post-stroke sexual dysfunction.
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Patients with vascular vertigo usually present acute vestibular syndrome. Although vertigo caused by posterior circulation ischemic stroke is often accompanied by other neurological symptoms and signs, small infarcts in the cerebellum or brainstem can lead to vertigo without other focal neurological symptoms and signs. This article reviews the diagnosis and evaluation of isolated vascular vertigo.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of augmented renal clearance （ARC）on blood trough concentration of patients receiving high-dose regimen of teicoplanin. METHODS ：Patients who received high-dose regimen of teicoplanin in the ICU were prospectively collected from the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Suzhou Municipal Hospital during Jul. 2018-Jun. 2020. They were divided into ARC group and normal renal function group according to corrected creatinine clearance. The dosage regimen of teicoplanin in the two groups were loading dose of 600 mg，q12 h×3 doses，maintenance dose of 6-10 mg/kg，qd，and the dosage was adjusted in combination with creatinine clearance rate and blood trough concentration. The trough concentration of blood samples which were collected 30 min before the 4th and 8th-10th dosage of teicoplanin were determined by HPLC. Trough concentration ，clinical efficacy ，Gram-positive bacterial clearance rate and the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS ：A total of 56 patients were included and divided into ARC group （18 cases）and normal renal function group （38 cases）. ARC group had younger age （P＜0.001）and lower serum albumin level （P＝0.025）than normal renal function group. The trough concentrations before administration of the 4th and 8th-10th dosage in ARC group were lower than normal renal function group （P＝0.034；P＝0.035）. The trough concentrations in the ARC group and normal renal function group before 8th-10th dosage were all higher than 30 min before the 4th dosage （P＝0.003；P＜0.001）. The clinical efficacy rate and the clearance rate of Gram-positive bacteria in ARC group were 77.8％ and 76.2％，which were lower than those of the normal renal function group ，but there was no statistical difference （P＝0.195；P＝0.223）. There was no liver function damage ，hemocytopenia and allergic reaction in both groups ，but in the normal renal function group ，the causal relationship between acute renal damage and teicoplanin was assessed as “very likely ”in one patient. CONCLUSIONS ：ARC patients are younger ，most of them have hypoproteinemia，and the blood trough concentrations of teicoplanin in high-dose regimen are significantly lower than those of normal renal function patients. For critical ill ARC patients ，it is advisable to increase the loading dose of teicoplanin to make the trough concentration reach the target concentration range quickly.
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In this study, the swabs were collected among patients with an influenza-like illness (ILI) admitted to 2 sentinel surveillance hospitals of Yantai from April 2014 to August 2017. All specimen were cultured and identified by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Complete sequences of Hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A were amplified, sequenced and analyzed using molecular and phylogenetic methods. The potential vaccine efficacy were calculated using Pepitope model. The results showed that the antigenicity of A (H3N2) had changed greatly. 8 strains of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 belonged to subclade 6B.1 and 14 strains clustered in 6B.2. 12 strains of influenza A (H3N2) fell into subgroup 3C.3a and 33 strains clustered in 3C.2a. Several residues at antigen sites and potential glycosylation sites had changed in influenza A strains. Vaccine efficacy of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 in 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons were 77.29% and 79.11% of that of a perfect match with vaccine strain, meanwhile vaccine efficacy of influenza A (H3N2) in 2014/2015, 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 were-5.18%, 16.97% and 42.05% separately. In conclusion, the influenza A virus circulated in Yantai from 2014 to 2017 presented continual genetic variation. The recommended vaccine strains still afforded protection against influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 strains and provided suboptimal protection against influenza A (H3N2) strains.
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Objective To evaluate esophageal motility and anti-reflux barrier function in patients with different phenotypes of heartburn and negative endoscopic findings based on the Rome Ⅳ criteria.Methods From March 2011 to November 2018,136 patients with heartburn and negative endoscopic findings were retrospectively analyzed.The patients underwent high-resolution manometry (HRM),24-hour pH monitoring and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) test and according to the Rome Ⅳ criteria and new diagnostic procedures,they were divided into non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) group,reflux hypersensitivity (RH) group,functional heartburn (FH) group and unclassified group.During the same period,20 healthy volunteers were selected as healthy control group.The changes of esophageal motility and HRM were analyzed among different groups.Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance,Kruskal-Wallis H test and chi-square test.Results According to Rome Ⅳ criteria,35 patients were enrolled into the NERD group,43 patients were enrolled into the RH group,48 patients were included in the FH group,and 10 patients were enrolled into unclassified group.There were no significant differences between the NERD group,the RH group,the FH group,the unclassified group and healthy control group in the length of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES),end lower esophageal sphincter resting pressure (LESP),mean LESP,4-second-integrated relaxation pressure (4 s-IRP),distal latency (DL),upper esophageal sphincter residual pressure (UES-RP),upper esophageal sphincter relaxation time to nadir,upper esophageal sphincter (UES) recovery time and esophagogastric junction contractile integral (EGJ-CI,all P ＞0.05).The distal contractile integral (DCI) of NERD group and unclassified group were both lower than that of healthy control group (919.7 mmHg · s · cm (411.7,1 417.9) mmHg· s · cm (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),535.6 mmHg · s · cm (321.4,1 513.4) mmHg · s · cm vs.1 322.1 mmHg · s · cm (841.6,1 918.5) mmHg · s · cm),and the differences were statistically significant (Z =-2.62 and-2.20,P =0.01 and 0.03).The upper esophageal sphincter pressure (UESP) of the unclassified group was lower than that of the healthy control group (57.0 mmHg (31.3,77.8) mmHg vs.70.4 mmHg (49.4,97.8) mmHg),and the difference was statistically significant (Z =-2.64,P =0.02).There was significant difference in esophagogastric junction (EGJ) subtypes between the NERD group,the RH group,the FH group and the unclassified group (x2 =10.85,P =0.02);the proportion of type Ⅲ patients was highest in unclassified group,followed by NERD group,which were both higher than those of RH group and FH group.There was no significant difference in the proportion of esophageal motility subtypes between NERD group,RH group,FH group and unclassified group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with different phenotypes of heartburn and negative endoscopy finding should be classified by efficient diagnostic procedure according to the Rome Ⅳ criteria combined with HRM,24-hour pH monitoring and PPI test.The unclassified patients need further evaluation,especially for those with effective PPI test and negative pH monitoring.However,the evaluation of anti-reflux barrier function by the HRM parameters in patients with heartburn and negative endoscopic findings has certain limitations.
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Objective@#To evaluate esophageal motility and anti-reflux barrier function in patients with different phenotypes of heartburn and negative endoscopic findings based on the Rome Ⅳ criteria.@*Methods@#From March 2011 to November 2018, 136 patients with heartburn and negative endoscopic findings were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent high-resolution manometry (HRM), 24-hour pH monitoring and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) test and according to the Rome Ⅳ criteria and new diagnostic procedures, they were divided into non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) group, reflux hypersensitivity (RH) group, functional heartburn (FH) group and unclassified group. During the same period, 20 healthy volunteers were selected as healthy control group. The changes of esophageal motility and HRM were analyzed among different groups. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test and chi-square test.@*Results@#According to Rome Ⅳ criteria, 35 patients were enrolled into the NERD group, 43 patients were enrolled into the RH group, 48 patients were included in the FH group, and 10 patients were enrolled into unclassified group. There were no significant differences between the NERD group, the RH group, the FH group, the unclassified group and healthy control group in the length of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), end lower esophageal sphincter resting pressure (LESP), mean LESP, 4-second-integrated relaxation pressure (4 s-IRP), distal latency (DL) , upper esophageal sphincter residual pressure (UES-RP), upper esophageal sphincter relaxation time to nadir, upper esophageal sphincter (UES) recovery time and esophagogastric junction contractile integral (EGJ-CI, all P>0.05). The distal contractile integral (DCI) of NERD group and unclassified group were both lower than that of healthy control group (919.7 mmHg·s·cm (411.7, 1 417.9) mmHg·s·cm (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), 535.6 mmHg·s·cm (321.4, 1 513.4) mmHg·s·cm vs. 1 322.1 mmHg·s·cm (841.6, 1 918.5) mmHg·s·cm), and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-2.62 and -2.20, P=0.01 and 0.03). The upper esophageal sphincter pressure (UESP) of the unclassified group was lower than that of the healthy control group(57.0 mmHg (31.3, 77.8) mmHg vs. 70.4 mmHg (49.4, 97.8) mmHg), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-2.64, P=0.02). There was significant difference in esophagogastric junction (EGJ) subtypes between the NERD group, the RH group, the FH group and the unclassified group (χ2=10.85, P=0.02); the proportion of type Ⅲ patients was highest in unclassified group, followed by NERD group, which were both higher than those of RH group and FH group. There was no significant difference in the proportion of esophageal motility subtypes between NERD group, RH group, FH group and unclassified group (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Patients with different phenotypes of heartburn and negative endoscopy finding should be classified by efficient diagnostic procedure according to the Rome Ⅳ criteria combined with HRM, 24-hour pH monitoring and PPI test. The unclassified patients need further evaluation, especially for those with effective PPI test and negative pH monitoring. However, the evaluation of anti-reflux barrier function by the HRM parameters in patients with heartburn and negative endoscopic findings has certain limitations.
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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak caused by human brucellosis in a farm in Yantai City,to explore the causes and transmission routes,and to provide evidence for prevention and control of brucellosis in Yantai City.Methods In 2014,an on-site investigation was conducted in a farm where brucellosis occurred in Yantai City,and case searches were conducted on exposed populations in the farm.According to the investigation questionnaire on epidemiology of brucellosis in Shandong Province,general information,clinical manifestation and high-risk behavior exposure information of the cases were collected;blood samples were collected and tested by tiger red plate agglutination test (RBPT) and tube agglutination test (SAT).Brucellosis was diagnosed according to the "Diagnostic Criteria for Brucellosis" (WS 269-2007).Results The first case was male,58 years old,farm worker.A total of 38 suspected cases were found.Eleven patients with positive RBPT and SAT≥1:100 (++) were confirmed cases.The confirmed cases were all male,with a median age of 52 years,ranging from 40 to 60 years old;5 farm workers and 6 construction workers;the onset time was mainly in June and July,a total of 7 cases;clinical manifestations mainly included excessive sweating,muscle and joint pain,fatigue,testicular swelling,etc.Of the 147 sheep in the farm,47 were positive by laboratory tests,accounting for 31.97％,which were the main sources of infection.High-risk exposures for farm workers included hand-delivered births (5 cases) and breeding for livestock (1 case);high-risk exposures for construction workers included entry and exit of sheep houses (6 cases) and handling of supplies in sheep houses (6 cases).Conclusions The epidemic is caused by direct contact with Brucella-infected sheep or caused by respiratory contact with brucellosis contaminated environment.It is necessary to strengthen the health education for prevention and control of the disease in key populations and improve the awareness of the disease.
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Objective To observe the effects of olprinone on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced myocardial injury in male (Sprague-Dawley, SD rats) and explore its mechanisms. Methods Rats were subjected to a 30-min coronary arterial occlusion followed by 24-hour reperfusion. The survival rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=6), ischemia reperfusion group (I/R group, n=9), ischemia reperfusion+low dose of olprinone group(IR+olprinone-L group, n=6), ischemia reperfusion+medium dose of olprinone group (IR+olprinone-M group, n=6),ischemia reperfusion +high dose of olprinone group (IR+olprinone-H group, n=6). A MAP heart function analysis system was used to measure hemodynamic parameters; TTC staining method was used to detect the myocardial infarct size;24-hour mortality of SD rats was recorded; western blot was used to detect the levels of Caspase-3, Bax,Bcl-2, LC3B/LC3A,Beclin-1. Results Cardiac function in I/R group was lower than that in sham group, which was significantly improved by pretreatment with olprinone (P＜0.01),but systolic arterial pressure (SAP) diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) mean arterial pressure (MAP) mean pressure developed in left ventricle (Pmean) had no significant difference (P＞0.05). The percentage of myocardial infarct size in olprinone-M and olprinone-H group was lower than that in I/R group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in mortality among groups within 24 hours. Compared with sham group, the expressions of Caspase-3 and Bax were obviously up-regulated in I/R group (P＜0.01), whereas caspase-3 was down-regulated in olprinone-M group (P＜0.05) and Bax was inhibited by different doses of olprinone (P＜0.05), but the expression of Bcl-2 increased (P＜0.05); furthermore, the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax decreased in I/R group (P＜0.01) and increased with different degrees in different doses of olprinone (P＜0.05). Meanwhile, compared with sham group, the expression of Beclin-1 was up-regulated in I/R group(P＜0.05),and also increased in olprinone-L and olprinone-M groups(P＜0.05), but the ratio of Bcl-2 /Beclin-1 decreased in different doses of olprinone making statistically significant difference only in olprinone-M group (P＜0.05). Moreover, different doses of olprinone elevated the different ratios of LC3B/LC3A (P＜0.05), and this elevated ratio in olprinone-M group at median among groups. Conclusions Olprinone can strengthen the cardiac function after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, without leading to disorders in hemodynamics; by regulating autophagy with anti-apoptotic protein, olprinone can make autophagy to an appropriate level using the mechanism of autophagy to preventing the myocardium from injury.
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First marketed in Japan in the 1990s, olprinone is a newly developed phosphodiesterase Ⅲ (PDE Ⅲ) inhibitor. It can not only increase cardiac contractility and also reduce peripheral vascular resistance without affecting mean arterial pressure and heart rate. At present, olprinone is mainly used in the treatment of acute heart failure and postoperative acute cardiac insufficiency. Through selectively inhibiting the activity of PDEⅢ and increasing the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by blocking its degradation, olprinone accelerates the influx of Ca2+in cardiac myocytes, leading to enhancement of myocardial contractility; and on the other hand, decreases the influx of Ca2+in vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in dilation of peripheral blood vessels. Recently, a considerable amount of research has been conducted on olprinone in terms of pulmonary hypertension, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and arrhythmia. In this review, we summarize the application of olprinione in acute heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial I/R injury, and arrhythmia, and analyze its application value and related progress in cardiovascular diseases.
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We report a case of port-site metastasis after laparoscopic surgery for early stage uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) and review the related literature. A 53-year-old woman with suspected uterine malignance underwent a total laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infra-colic omentectomy, and pelvic lymphadenectomy resulting pathologically in a stage IA UCS. Twelve months later she developed a palpable abdominal-wall mass at the trocar site without other synchronous metastases. A mass resection was performed and it was pathologically diagnosed with port-site metastasis of UCS. When performing surgery for UCS, specimens should be carefully removed in case small pieces of the occult disseminated metastatic tissues are trapped between the outer surface of the trocar sleeve and the abdominal wall incisional canal. Despite the low incidence, a laparotomy might be considered rather than laparoscopy to prevent port-site metastasis and more gynecological oncology clinical practices might be relevant to the management of port-site metastasis.
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Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Abdominal Wall , Carcinosarcoma , Hysterectomy , Incidence , Laparoscopy , Laparotomy , Lymph Node Excision , Neoplasm Metastasis , Surgical InstrumentsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status in the key populations before and after the adjustment of salt iodine content in Yantai of Shandong.Methods In 2010 (the pre-adjustment period) and 2014,2015 (the post-adjustment period),the changes in the residents' iodized salt,the goiter prevalence and urinary iodine of children aged 8-10,the urinary iodine of pregnant women,and the iodine content of drinking water before and after the adjustment were analyzed.Results The coverage rate of iodized salt and the edible rate of qualified iodized salt were 98.27％ and 97.28％,respectively before the adjustment of salt iodine content,and 97.44％ and 96.14％ after the adjustment.The mean of salt iodine after the adjustment (21.96 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that of 2010 (31.45 mg/kg,t =66.29,P ＜ 0.05).The goiter prevalence of children aged 8-10 by thyroid palpation was 0.92％ in 2010,while it was 1.89％ by ultrasonic in 2014,2015.There was significant difference in the iodine nutritional status of children in 2010 (191.0 μg/L) and in 2014,2015 (173.0 μg/L,Z =3.56,P ＜ 0.05).The difference of iodine nutritional status in pregnant women between pre-adjustment (154.0 μg/L) and post-adjustment (130.4 μg/L) was also significant (Z =5.54,P ＜ 0.05).The median of water iodine was 5.4 μg/L after the adjustment.There were 52 towns with medians of water iodine below 10 μg/L.Conclusions The coverage rate of iodized salt and the edible rate of qualified iodized salt have all met the national standard before and after the adjustment of salt iodine content.The mean of salt iodine during 2014,2015 is significantly lower than that of 2010.Before and after the adjustment,the goiter rates of children aged 8-10 are all below 5％.The adjustment of salt iodine content is more suitable to children aged 8-10 than to pregnant women currently.It is suggested that pregnant women eat more foods rich in iodine.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the microRNA101(miR101) expression and its clinical significance in colorectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue microarrays containing 56 specimens of normal mucosa, 51 adenoma and 735 colorectal cancer were examined by locked nucleic acid in-situ hybridization(LNA-ISH) for miR101 expression. Relationship between miR101 expression and clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients were analyzed. Fresh frozen tissues containing 5 specimens of normal mucosa, 5 adenoma and 47 colorectal cancer were examined by RT-PCR to verify the accuracy of LNA-ISH.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expression of miR101 increased gradually from normal mucosa, adenoma to stage I colorectal cancer (all P<0.01), and decreased gradually from stage II(, stage III( to stage IIII( colorectal cancer (all P<0.01). Overexpression of miR101 was related with lower incidence of lymph node metastasis, lower metastasis rate, higher differentiation and lower recurrence rate (all P<0.01). Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that miR101 expression was an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (HR=0.550, 95% CI: 0.351-0.863) and disease free survival(HR=0.562, 95% CI: 0.397-0.794) in colorectal cancer patients. Overexpression of miR101 predicted a better prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Expression of miR101 is associated with the genesis and development of colorectal cancer, and may serve as an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer patients.</p>
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Humans , Adenoma , Colorectal Neoplasms , Disease-Free Survival , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Lymphatic Metastasis , MicroRNAs , Multivariate Analysis , Neoplasm Staging , PrognosisABSTRACT
This paper describes the development and validation of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric assay for propafenone and its application to a pharmacokinetic study of propafenone administered as a new propafenone hydrochloride sustained-release capsule (SR-test), as an instant-release tablet (IR-reference) and as the market leader sustained-release capsule (Rythmol, SR-reference) in male beagle dogs (n=8). In Study A comparing SR-test with IR-reference in a crossover design T max and t 1/2 of propafenone for SR-test were significantly higher than those for IR-reference while C max and AUC were lower demonstrating the sustained release properties of the new formulation. In Study B comparing SR-test with SR-reference the observed C max and AUC of propafenone for SR-test (124.5±140.0 ng/mL and 612.0±699.2 ng·h/mL, respectively) were higher than for SR-reference (78.52±72.92 ng/mL and 423.6±431.6 ng·h/mL, respectively) although the differences were not significant. Overall, the new formulation has as good if not better sustained release characteristics to the market leader formulation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of polymorphisms in XRCC1 and APE1 genes on vinyl chloride (VC)-induced chromosomal damage in peripheral lymphocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, 317 workers occupationally exposed to VC were recruited from a factory in Shandong Province, China. The micronucleus (MN) frequency in peripheral lymphocytes was used as an indicator of chromosomal damage. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and created restriction site combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to determine the five single nucleotide polymorphisms in XRCC1 and APE1 genes in the base excision repair pathway. The association of chromosomal damage with these polymorphisms and the haplotype of XRCC1 was analyzed using Poisson regression and PHASE 2.0.2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was found that among the VC-exposed workers, individuals with XRCC1 polymorphisms (-77C/T, Arg194Trp, Arg280His, and Arg399Gln) had a significantly higher MN frequency than those with homozygous wild-type genotypes, with frequency ratios (FR) as follows, respectively: FR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.05∼1.39 (P < 0.05); FR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.00∼1.38 (P < 0.05); FR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.11∼1.44 (P < 0.05); FR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.08∼1.46 (P < 0.05). APE1 Asp148Glu was found of no significant relationship with MN frequency. Haplotype analysis of XRCC1 demonstrated that the MN frequencies in subjects with CTAA/CTAA and CCAA/CTAA were significantly higher than that in those with TCGG/TCGG (FR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.02∼1.32, P < 0.05; FR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.02∼1.87, P < 0.05). Furthermore, association was found between accumulated exposure to VC and XRCC1 polymorphisms (-77C/T, Arg194Trp, Arg280His, and Arg399Gln) after adjustment for age, sex, drinking, and smoking.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>VC can induce chromosomal damage even when the exposure level is lower than the national occupational health standard of China (PC-TWA: 10 mg/m(3)); the polymorphisms in XRCC1 and APE1 are associated with chromosomal damage induced by VC.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase , Genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins , Genetics , Haplotypes , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective , Occupational Exposure , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Vinyl Chloride , Poisoning , X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1ABSTRACT
The growth and metastasis of tumor is angiogenesis-dependent. Antiangiogenic agents have been clinically used to treat malignant tumors with the mechanisms of regressing tumor vasculature and inhibiting vascular recurrence which restrain tumor growth and metastasis. Clinical evidences indicate that antiangiogenic agents combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy potentiate the effects of treatment. However, radiation therapy and chemotherapy depend on ample blood flow to the tumor to deliver oxygen and drugs. Theoretically, it is paradoxical with evidences that these therapies work together rather than against each other. "Vascular normalization" theory was raised to explain this paradox. And accumulating data show that antiangiogenic agents transiently "normalize" tumor vasculature before causing vascular regression, so that improve tumor blood supply and increase tissue oxygenation. New views and challenges about antiangiogenic agents come out with the discovery of "normalization window". In this review, we summarized the mechanism, related researches and future prospects of antiangiogenic agents improving blood supply and oxygenation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Angiogenesis Inhibitors , Metabolism , Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Oxidation-ReductionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the oncologic clearance and long-term outcomes between laparoscopic surgery and open surgery in radical resection of rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 1184 cases with rectal cancer undergoing radical resection from July 2005 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the surgical method, cases were divided into laparoscopy group (104 cases) and open group(1080 cases). Demographics, number of harvested lymph nodes, distance between distal margin and tumor, incidence of anastomotic complications, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival(OS) were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in the number of harvested lymph nodes (15.5 vs. 14.4, P>0.05), length of distal margin (2.5 cm vs. 2.1 cm, P>0.05) and incidence of anastomotic complications (1.9% vs. 1.9%, P>0.05) between the two groups. And there were no significant differences in DFS and OS between the two groups (both P>0.05). The 3-year and 5-year DFS in laparoscopy group were 79.0% and 69.3%, and were 78.0% and 72.5% in open group. The 3-year and 5-year OS in laparoscopy group were 93.5% and 81.2%, which were 87.6% and 80.7% in open group. There were no significant differences in DFS and OS after stratification by TNM stage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The oncologic clearance and long-term outcomes after laparoscopic surgery are comparable with open surgery in radical resection of rectal cancer.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Laparoscopy , Methods , Laparotomy , Prognosis , Rectal Neoplasms , General Surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) associated with radiosensitivity in colorectal carcinoma cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Colony formation assay was performed in colorectal cancer cell lines HT29, SW480, RKO, Lovo and HCT116 after irradiation with different radiation doses. Radiation sensitivity of these 5 cell lines was detected through survival fraction at 2 Gy (SF2 value). High-throughput lncRNA chip was used to screen lncRNA genes with expression differences more than 2 folds among SW480, RKO and Lovo. Further experiment on the expression differences of lncRNAs selected was conducted by realtime PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The radiosensitivity order of these 5 cell lines from low to high (SF2 value from high to low) was HT29 (0.83 ± 0.03), SW480 (0.69 ± 0.02), RKO(0.53 ± 0.02), Lovo (0.47 ± 0.05), HCT116 (0.32 ± 0.03) (P < 0.01). Five lncRNAs associated with radiation sensitivity were screened. Among them, expression levels of R05532, NR_015441, and NR_033374 were positively correlated with radiation resistance(all P < 0.01), and expression levels of the other 2 lncRNAs, NR_073156 and AA745020, were not correlated with radiation resistance of colorectal cancer cells (both P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>lncRNA R05532, NR_015441 and NR_033374 may be used as the predictive marker of radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells. Higher expression of these genes shows radiation resistance.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Line, Tumor , Colorectal Neoplasms , Genetics , Radiotherapy , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , RNA, Long Noncoding , Genetics , Radiation ToleranceABSTRACT
An aromatase encoded by the CYP19 gene catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of estrogens, which is related to endometriosis development. To assess the association of CYP19 gene polymorphisms with the risks of endometriosis, chocolate cysts and endometriosis-related infertility, a case-control study was conducted in Chinese Han women by recruiting 225 healthy control females, 146 patients with endometriosis, 94 endometriosis women with chocolate cyst and 65 women with infertility resulting from endometriosis, as diagnosed by both pathological and laparoscopic findings. Individual genotypes at rs2236722:T>C, rs700518:A>G, rs10046:T>C and [TTTA]n polymorphisms were identified. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were compared between the control group and case groups by chi-square analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined by logistic regression analysis to predict the association of CYP19 gene polymorphisms with the risk of endometriosis, the related chocolate cysts and infertility. The genotype distributions of the tested CYP19 gene polymorphisms were not significantly different between the healthy control group and the endometriosis/endometriosis with the chocolate cyst group. However, the CYP19 rs700518AA genotype was significantly associated with an increased risk of endometriosis-related infertility (55.4% in the infertility group vs 25.3% in the control group, P<0.001; OR (95% CI): 3.66 (2.06-6.50)) under the recessive form of the A allele. Therefore, we concluded that in Chinese Han females CYP19 gene polymorphisms are not associated with susceptibility to endometriosis or chocolate cysts, whereas CYP19 rs700518AA genotype confers genetic susceptibility to endometriosis-related infertility.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Aromatase/genetics , Case-Control Studies , China , Endometriosis/complications , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Infertility, Female/complications , Polymorphism, Single NucleotideABSTRACT
Objective To explore the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with depression and their correlation with age,gender,age of onset,illness course,depressive severity.Methods Serum BDNF levels in 91 depressive patients and 36 healthy controls were assayed by the ELISA method .The clinical char-acteristics were assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ( HAMD) .Results The serum BDNF levels in depressive patients were (24.38 ±6.27)μg/L,which was significantly lower than (31.44 ±10.72)μg/L in controls (t=3.708,P 0.05).Conclusion Serum BDNF levels in depressive patients was decreased and low levels of BDNF in serum may be a state characteristic for depression .